Japanese Course 2/2

[ Go to Japanese Course 1/2 ]

version: 1.83 [june 2005]

[Special thanks to Mie, Katsuyo, Saeko Tatebe, Shoko Tsubakino, Asami Yokotani,
Atzusa, Ayuko Uchiyama and Sachiko, for
help me and/or check this text. Thanks! =(^-^)= ]

CARTOONS AND MANGA

Gakuen School, Institute, University
Itsuwari Lie, falsehood, fiction
Uso Lie, falsehood, incorrect fact, inappropriate
Kami Paper
Kuri-n Clean
Kitánaí Dirty, unclean
Mado Window
Otoko Home
Uchi Home (???)
Otuza Father
Ozaka Mother
Rajio Radio
Harakiri Hara=stomach, Kiri=cut
Tricki Goblin


ANIMALS

Neko Cat
Inu Dog
Buru Bull
Tori Bird
Usagi Rabbit


COLORS

Shiro White
Kuro Black
Kokushoku Black
Midoriiro Green
Midori Green
Akkai Red
Gosai Red
Niiro Red
Aoi Blue
Gosai Yellow
Kiiro Yellow
Murasaki Purple

 

 

 

NUMBERS

The symbol (*) is used for in the case that have many options, know what's more usual.

0 Zero (*) / rei Zero
1 Ichi One
2 Ni Two
3 San Three
4

Yon / Shi (*)

Four
5 Go Five
6 Roku Six
7 Nana (*) / Shichi(*) Seven
8 Hachi Eight
9 Ku / Kyúu Nine
10 Júu Ten
11 Irebun / juuichi Eleven
12 Juuni Twelve
13 Juusan Thirteen
14 Juushi / juuyon Fourteen
15 Juugo Fifteen
16 Juuroku / nihachi Sixteen
17 Ju-nana (in East Japan) (*) /
ju-shichi (in West Japan)
Seventeen
18 Juuhachi Eighteen
19 Juukyuu Nineteen
20 Nijuu Twenty
21   Twenty-one
22   Twenty-two
23   Twenty-three
30 Sa-ti Thirty
31   Thirty-one
32   Thirty-two
40 Yokka Forty
41   Forty-one
50   Fifty
60   Sixty
70 Shichijuu / nanajuu Seventy
80   Eighty
90 Kujuu, kyuujuu Ninety
100 Hyaku Hundred
101   Hundred one
102   Hundred two
200   Two hundred
201   Two hundred one
300   Three hundred
1000 Sen Thousand
1001   Thousand one
1002   Thousand two
2000   Two thousand
3000   Three thousand
10000 Ichi-man Ten thousand

"Rei" (zero) is only used to measure the temperature, i.e.: rei-do = zero degrees.

 

 

VERBS

Aisuru To love
Asagohan To lunch
Benkyo / osameru To study
Yomimasu / yomu To read
omomuku, yuku, rassharu, iku To go
obiru, aru, yousuru To have
nomu, kurau, kissuru To drink
taberu, kurau To eat
miharu To watch
neru, nemuru To sleep
eru, moukeru, aritsuku To get / to take


VERB TO BE (wa...desu)

The verb To Be is "desu" in japanese. The 'u' letter don't moust be pronunciated.
The syllable "wa" (or sometimes "ga") is used to identify the subject.

I am Watáshi
You are Anáta
He is Káre
She is Kanojyo
It is Koré
We are Watáshi tachí
You are Anátá tachí
They are Kárerá

 

AFIRMATIVE

  subject + (wa) + predicate + desu verb

  Watashi wa Pepito desu
  I amb Pepito

NEGATIVE

Form 1: Adding "jana" after of predicate.

  Subject + (wa) + predicate + (jana) + desu verb

  Watashi wa Pepito jana desu
  I'm not Pepito

Form 2: Adding "dewa arimasen" after of predicate.

  Subject + (wa) + predicat + (dewa arimasen)

  Watashi wa Pepito dewa arimasen
  I'm not Pepito

INTERROGATIVE

In Japanese, "ka" is like the interrogation symbol "?".

  Subject + (wa) + predicate + desu verb + (ka)

  Anata wa Pepito desu ka
  Are you Pepito?

 

POSSESSIVE

The syllable "no" is used to define the possessive. Here have two differents forms for do it:

Watáshi no My / mine
Anáta no Your / yours
Káre no His
Kanojyo no Her / hers
Koré no His
Watáshi tachí no Our / Ours
Anátá tachí no Your / Yours
Kárerá no Their


Kono neko na anata no?
This cat is yours?

In correct Japanese, the previous phrase is better to say it in following way:

Anata no neko desuka?
Yours cat is? (when you say: "is this cat yours?")


The other form to do the possessives is using personal names:

Mie no neko
Mie's cat

Kasei wakusei no Peter
Peter from Mars planet

 

 

   

JAPANESE ALPHABETS
  • Híragána: it's the alphabet more basic, is used for japanese traditional words, and is used by childrens and people with low cultural level. All signals and posters of the japanese streets use this alphabeth.
  • Kátakána: Is used for foreign words, like Chicken that they pronunciate "chikin" and writed with 3 characters: chi-ki-n
  • Kánji: it's used for write traditional japanese words. Is used by adult and people with hight cultural level. Belong from Chinesse and every word have a maining in the real word, i.e. for say woman, they use one character that in his original form, was a woman.

For write any character in an english computer, the Japanese to use the program NJStar Communicator and writes the sound, for example:

When they writes SHI, the computer transform the three romanic characters, in Hiragana alphabet's representation. Later, if they press the ENTER key, the Hiragana becomes to alphabet Kirakana or Kanji. If don't press the ENTER key, the sound SHI will continue being in Katakana.

If you want to learn to read japones, it's recommendable to begin with the Hiragana alphabet and to forget the others. If in English we began to read with the vowels (aeiou) and basic consonants (mamemimomu, dadedidodu, etc), they use the same vowels although in different order (aiueo) and basic consonants (kakikukeko, sasisuseso, tatituteto, etc)

 

 
   

   In the next image you can see... Left: Roomaji (occidental), Middle: Hiragana, Right: Katakana

(click in the image for zoom)
Roomaji, hiragana, katakana alphabet

   

  

 
       Another example of Japanese alphabet, but in the next table has classified it by similarity in the Japanese writting.

(click in the image for zoom)
Hiragana and Katakana by similarity Japanese writting

 

 


NICE JAPANESE SONGS

Frikkis of the Word, here you have the best japanese song, according to our opinion.

Author Song Description
Ai Ootsuka Sakuranbo

Ai ("love" in Japanese) is a sweet girl that sing the song "Sakurambo" that main "cherry", and the song is about the love and compare it with cherry because this fruit ever has two cherrys together (see video) and if you invert it, appear a heart.

Katori Hoha

Katori is the most famous japanese pop singer, because he fight for the japanese woman rights. "Hoha" main "good morning". Sorry, other day I will finnish the translation, because today I'm too stoned xQ

 

 

BAD WORDS IN JAPANESE

 

OTHERS LINKS

Spanish-Japanese translator
Japanese characters to occidental conversor
More links and resources about Japan

 



Best regards from Mars! Mata ne! =(^o^)=

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